Honing apparatus



June l, 1937. H. s. INDGE HONING APPARATUS Filed Feb. .4, 193e gmc/wko@ HERBERT S. INDQE Patented June l, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE Norton Company, Wore tion of Massachusetts Application February 4,

4 Claims.

The invention relates to honing apparatus for the finishing of the bores of cylinders.

One object of the inventionv is to provide a honing apparatus capable of delicate adjustment. Another object of the invention is to 0 the adjustment control.

provide a honing apparatus which shall hone the work piece to a given size. Another object of the invention is to provide a honing apparatus having a collapse control independent of Another object of the invention is to provide a honing apparatus having a balanced adjustment device. Other objects will be in part obvious or in part pointed out hereinafter. f

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangements of parts, as will be exemplified in the structure to be hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawing in which is shown one of many possible embodiments of the mechanical features of this invention,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of honing apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention, the lower part or head of the apparatus being shown in axial section;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. l, the major portion of the apparatus, however, being shown in axial section, and the parts being shown in the position in which the shoes are thrust outwardly in working position;

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view in axial section of one of the operating cams;

Fig. 5 is an end elevation ofl the cam of Fig. 4.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, I provide a spindle III having a conical surface'as shown and of a size and shape to fit in a machine tool spindle in orderto hold and rotate the hone. The entire hone may be mounted in the spindle of a suitable machine and the spindle III may be of any desired size and shape to iit in a given machine spindle. I provide an elongated slot I! for locking the spindle I0 to the machine spindle by means of a wedge pin or the like.

Connected to the spindle I0 is a hone head sleeve I2 so that whenever the spindle III is revolved, the sleeve I2 is also revolved. The hone head. however, may align itself in the bore of the cylinder being honed, and is connected to the spindle I0 by two universal joints I3 and I4, and an interposed hollow shaft I5.

Considering nowV the construction of the upper ester, Mass., a corpora- 1936, Serial No. 62,315

universal joint I3 and still referring to Fig. 2, formed on the under side of the spindle I0 is a spherical `portion I1 against the under side of which seats a partial spherical surface I8 form-` ed on the upper end of the hollow shaft I5. A 5 two-part collar I9 has a partial spherical sur'- face 20 which engages the upper portion of the spherical end I1. The collar I9 has an annular inwardly extending ange 2I engaging a groove 22 formed on the periphery of an enlarged diam- 10 eter portion 23 of the hollow shaft I5. By reason of the fact that the collar I9 is in two parts,

this universal jointcan be readily assembled, and when assembled the parts are locked together by means of an integral collar 24 which 15 may b`e secured in position by means of a screw 25 extending through it and through the collar I9 and into the enlarged diameter portion 23.

A pair of pins 26 are located with a press fit in bores 21 in the spherical end I1, these bores 20 being coaxial and located coaxial with a diameter of the spherical end I1 and furthermore being normal to the axis of the spindle III. The ends of the pins 29 project beyond the spherical surface of the end4 I1 and into recesses 28 in 25 the collars I9, the recesses being larger than the ends of the pins 23 to allow limited relative motion.

Thus the spindle III is connected to the hollow shaft I5 by means of a universal joint, and the 30 construction of the universal joint I l is similar to the construction of the universal joint I3, for example as follows.

The shaft I5 has a spherical lower end 30 surrounded by a two-part collar 32 with a spherical '35 surface. and the upper end of the hone head sleeve I2 has a spherical surface 33, both of which spherical surfaces engage the spherical end 30. The collar 32 has an inwardly extending annular flange 34`located in a groove 35 in 40 the periphery of the hone head sleeve I2, and the parts of the universal joint I4 are, after assembly, secured together by a surrounding integral collar 36 which is secured in position by means of ascrew 31. Pins 38, 33 are located in 45 bores 39. 39 normal to the axis of the shaft -I5 and located along a diameter of the spherical end 30, and these pins 33 project into recesses 40 in the collars 32. Thus the hone head sleeve I2 isconnected by a universal joint with the 50 spindle I 0.

The lower portion of the hone head sleeve I2 has a long cylindrical surface 4I upon which are mounted a plurality of hone carrying shoes l2. As shown in Fig. 3. there may be four of 55 such hone carrying shoes 42 which are arcuate in shape and slightly spaced from each other around the cylindrical surface 4|. The ends of the several hone carrying members 42 have at each end thereof, as better shown in Figs. 1 and 2, overhanging flanges 43 in order to grip hones 44 which are elongated and arcuate in cross section, as shown in the several views. For example, I may provide a pair of hones 44 for each hone carrying shoe 42, and the hones may be secured to the shoes by any suitable kind of cement and also by means of clamps or gibs 45 together with screws 46 as shown. Springs 41 extend around the shoes 42 fitting in grooves therein and hold the shoes and, therefore, the hones upon the cylindrical surface 8| of the `hone head sleeve l2. but byreason of this construction the several hones 44 may be expanded relative to each other.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, outwardly extending positioning lugs 48, integral with the sleeve l2, are provided to drive the hones 44. These lugs 48 engage the shoes 42 at the bottom thereof, and corresponding driving lugs, not shown, are provided to engage the shoes 42 at the upper ends thereof.

Among the features of the invention are a control for adjustably expanding the hones 44, and a further control for expanding or collapsing the hones 44 but without destroying the adjustment, so that, at any time, the hones may be collapsed and the hone head removed from the cylinder being operated upon, then reintroduced and expanded to the previously adjusted amount Without change in the adjustment or careful measure thereof; and furthermore, without manipulation of the hone collapsing mechanism, small adjustments in the expansion of the hones may be made at any time and particularly while the hone is actually rotating.

Considering now the adjustment of the hones 44. I provide a pulley 50 which has integral with it a journal sleeve 5| on the bottom of which is a bevel gear portion 52. Pulley and sleeve may be placed in position over the upper end of the spindle I8, and the journal portion ts on a cylindrical journal portion 53 of the spindle I0.

. The pulley 50 and associated parts may be secured in position by means of a nut 54 secured to a screw threaded part of the spindle l0.

Meshing with the bevel gear 52 is a bevel gear 55 having an integral stud extension 56 with a screw threaded end 51 and a shoulder 58. The stud 56 extends transversely to the axis of the spindle I8 and passes through a bearing portion 59 in the spindle I8; a larger bearing 60 coaxial with the bearing 59 journals a cylindrical portion Sil of bevel gear 55. A nut 62 and a collar 63 engaging the shoulder 58 secure the parts to- Eether.

Mounted upon and fastened to the stud portion 56 is a bevel gear member 65 which meshes with a bevel gear 66 secured to the top of a shaft 61.

Shaft 61 is journaled in a bearing bushing 68 and has a ange 69 secured by means of a screw 18 to the spherical end |1. The shaft 61 has an integral fork portion 1| which is connected by means 0f a at bar 12 with a similar fork 13 to which is fastened a screw 14 by means of pin 15. The screw 14 has screw threads of one hand from its upper end to a spool 16 and below the spool 16 the screw .14 has screw threads ofthe other hand.

Cam members 11 and 18 are mounted upon the screw 14 and have threaded bores fitting the threads of the screw. Except for the fact that the threads in the bores of the members 11 and 18 are of the opposite hand, they are identical and the shape thereof can be determined from a comparison of Figs. 1 and 2 with Fig. 5. Each cam member 11 and 18 has four inclined wedge grooves 88 in their otherwise cylindrical contours. Engaging each groove of each of the cam members 11 and 18 are pins 8| having spherical heads 82.

The spherical heads 82 of the pins 8| t in recesses 83 in the shoes 42, there being two recesses in each shoe, and there being two pins 8| for each shoe, thus the mechanism has eight pins in all, a shank of a pin extending into each groove 88 against the inclined surface 80a thereof. The cylindrical heads 82 are also located in holes 85 provided in the wall of the hone head sleeve l2, and the Shanks of the pins 8| extend through countersunk holes 86 provided in a hone collapsing operating sleeve 81.

Considering now the ne adjustment of the hones 44, if the pulley 58 is turned relative to the spindle I8, the bevel gears 52, 55, 65 and 66 will be turned which causes rotation of the upper fork 1l, of the bar 12 which drives the fork 13, thus rotating the screw 14, and if the direction of rotation is such as to separate the cam members 11 and 18 the pins 8| will be moved outwardly by the cam surfaces 88a and at a uniform rate. The pins 8| are, during such operation, held in position in a vertical direction by the countersunk holes 86 which at the inner end thereof accurately position the pins 8|. Conversely, movement in the other direction of the pulley I5 will cause the pins 8| to approach each other and thus adjust the severalhones 44 inwardly. It will beseen that the hones 44 are maintained in parallelism by reason of the fact that the several cam surfaces 80a operate upon the pins 8| an equal amount, and the screw 14 is maintained in a given position axially of the head I2 by means of a screw 90 extending into the spool 16 which is fastened to the screw 14.

The direction of the threads on the screw 14 for each particular type of machine with which the honing apparatus is to be used is preferably such that when the spindle I8 is rotating and the pulley 50 is held, the hones 44 will be moved outwardly. Furthermore, I may provide a clamp, a brake or any other device fixed upon the machine frame to hold the pulley 50, and when so held assuming the spindle I8 is rotated, the hones 44 will be expanded. By operating such a clamp for a second or a fraction thereof, limited adjustments of the hones may be effected. Whether such a device is provided or not, the pulley 50 may readily be operated by the hand of the operator.

I further provide means for locking the adjustment apparatus just described in'adjusted position once the adjustment has been made. Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, upon the journal portion 5| there is mounted a collar 93 by means of an. interposed friction washer 94. A slot in the collar 83 together with a pin 98 in the slot,

which pin extends into the journal portion 5|,

holds the collar 93 in position, allowing limited vertical movement. The collar 93 has a lug 81 adapted to fit in any one of castellated teeth 98 y Considering now the mechanism for collapsing 75 lparts themselves the hone, which as aforesaid is independent of the mechanism for making iine adjustments thereof, the hone head sleeve 2 has an annular ridge which supports a knurled collar III having a pair of cam slots |02 engaging rollers |03 on stud screws |04 which are secured to the sleeve 81. When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. l, the rollers |03 are in the upper portion of the cam groove |02, and therefore the sleeve l1 is elevated. This holds the pins 8| in the rocked position illustrated in Fig. 1, and thehones u are collapsed. Rotation of the knurled collar |0| in a counterclockwise direction (looking down) places the rollers |03 in the lower part of t-he cam grooves |02, thus moving the rollers downwardly and, therefore, moving the sleeve 01 downwardly. This rocks the pins 0| to the normal position shown in Fig. 2, that is to say their` axes are normal to the axis of the entire honing apparatus. Thus, by moving the knurled collar 0| clockwise at any time the hone can be collapsed and later it can be expanded without in any way changing the adjustment thereof.

The manner of using the honing apparatus of the invention will be readily understood from the description given. 'Ihe in the hollow spindle of a only a rotary but also in the usual case a reciprocatory motion. 'I'he honingA head may be introduced into a cylinder to be honed in its collapsed condition, as shown in Fig. 1, and promptly expanded. Then the adjustment mechanism may be operated to give the desired pressure. This is a matter of feel and the operator can readily tell when the pressure is suiilcient to remove a substantial amount of metal and produce a smooth bore. Although no resilient connections in the adjustment have been shown, the metal are resilient to the extent needed for removal of a slight amount of metal spindle I0 is mounted 4to produce a. finished surface. Wheneverit is desired to inspect the surface or to remove the hone because the surface is finished, the hone can be readily collapsed as described. Fine adjustments of the apparatus to effect deeper cutting can be achieved while the hone is actually running simply by holding the pulley I0. As already explained, this can be done by making use of a clampconveniently located on the machine, or it can be done byhand.

It will thus be seen that there has been provided by this invention an apparatus in which the various objects hereinabove set forth together with many thoroughly practical advantages are successfully achieved. As various possible embodiments might be made of the mechanical feamachlne which' has not tures of the above invention and as the art herein described might be varied in various parts, all without departing from the scope of the invention, it is to be understood that all matter' hereinbefore set forth or shown in the accompanying drawing is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:-

1. In a machine tool hone, a sleeve, a plurality of hones mounted in parallel relation on the sleeve, pins passing through the sleeve and holding the hones apart, a second sleeve through which the sleeve passes, inclined plane means inside of both sleeves in position to operate upon the pins. and means to move one sleeve with respect tothe other sleeve to collapse the hones.

2. In a machine tool hone, a sleeve, at least two elongated honing elements mounted on the outside of said sleeve and mounted for expansion and contraction relative to the axis of said sleeve, a second sleeve tting within the first sleeve, at least four pins two of which, opposite each other,- extend through holes in both sleeves and against the inside of the upper portion of two of the hones, and two more extending through holes in' said sleeves and against the lower `portion of the said two hones and located opposite each other. at least two pairs of wedge members, one wedge against the inner end of each pin, means to move all of the wedge members in unison to move the pins apart in unison thus to separate the honing elements, maintaining them parallel, and means to move one sleeve with relation to the other sleeve whereby to tilt the pins thus collapsing the honing elements.

3. In a machine tool hone, the combination with the parts, elements and features speciiled in claim 2, of a spindle, a universal joint connecting the sleeves to the spindle, a transmission in the universal joint to separate the wedges from the spindle through the transmission, and separate rotatable means to move one sleeve with relation to the other sleeve.

4. In a machine tool hone, a sleeve. a pair of hones mounted on said sleeve for expansion and contraction, pins holding said hones apart, a secondsleeve, pins extending through both sleeves, a rotatable element on the first sleeve, cam means operated by said rotatable element, and connections between the cam means and the second sleeve whereby when the rotatable element is moved the cam means operates to move one sleeve relative to the other, tilting the pins and collapsv ing the hones.

HERBERT S. INDGE. 

